{"id":14287,"date":"2022-03-09T20:36:23","date_gmt":"2022-03-09T17:36:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/?p=14287"},"modified":"2022-03-10T22:37:33","modified_gmt":"2022-03-10T19:37:33","slug":"achilles-and-the-trojan-war-part-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/achilles-and-the-trojan-war-part-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Achilles and the Trojan War \u2013 part 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>The Trojan war<\/h1>\n<p>According to the Iliad, Paris was called as right judge to choose which deity had the primate to be the most beautiful; his choice was Aphrodite who in return promised him the love of Helen, Menelaus&#8217; bride.<\/p>\n<div dir=\"auto\">When Paris was hosted in Menelaus&#8217; court, once met Helen, the two burst out in a passional affair. It went beyond any predictions so much that the two lovers escaped together to Paris&#8217; homeland, Troy.<\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\"><\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\">It signed the cause and the beginning of a 10-year-war, described to be fierce and bloody.<\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\"><\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\">Two counterparts facing, among the Achaeans glittered : Agamemnon, Menelaus, Odysseys, Diomedes, Patroclus and Ajax; and on the Trojans side:\u00a0 the king Priam with his two most known sons, Hector the bravest among his people and Paris the &#8216;kidnapper&#8217; and lover of Helen known to be callow.<\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\"><\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-14501 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Trojan-War-History-or-Myth-300x200.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"576\" height=\"384\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Trojan-War-History-or-Myth-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Trojan-War-History-or-Myth-768x512.webp 768w, https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Trojan-War-History-or-Myth.webp 930w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 576px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 576\/384;\" \/><\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\"><\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\"><\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\">Achilles had the honor to be foreseen as the only Greek warrior able to change the destiny of the war by predictor Calcante.<\/div>\n<div dir=\"auto\">\n<p>The war had moments of true suspense also for the delicate textures woven by the gods themselves.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Zeus declared himself as neutral umpire whereas Hera, Athena and Poseidon backed the Greeks along with Tethys and Hephaestus; in the Trojans lines the god of love Aphrodite and the god of the war Ares with Apollo backed Trojans.<\/p>\n<h2>The events<\/h2>\n<p>Menelaus asked the support of his brother, Agamemnon, the king of Mycenae, who commanded united Greek armed forces in declaring war against Troy.<\/p>\n<p>Agamemnon had been begged by an Apollo&#8217;s ordained to have back his daughter, in vain; Apollo so caused a plague in Greece involving men and animals; Achilles convinced the supreme king to return the girl in order to ward off Apollo&#8217;s wax.<\/p>\n<p>As he accepted, Briseis had been taken in return; The Achille&#8217;s slave.<\/p>\n<p>This extortion exceeded on the outrageous felt by Achilles who swore not to fight anymore for Agamemnon.<\/p>\n<p>Zeus in person made Agamemnon dreaming of an easy victory, cheating on him.<\/p>\n<p>Paris offered himself in a single sword-battle against Menelaus, the winner would have brought the final victory to the corresponding faction; Menelaus, much more expert and stronger, closely killed the youngest Priam&#8217;s son who\u00a0 was readily\u00a0 saved by Aphrodite.<\/p>\n<p>The truce was not respected and the conflict went on.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-14502 aligncenter lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/3-duello-paride-menelao-iliade-e1610125508259-300x217.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"649\" height=\"470\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/3-duello-paride-menelao-iliade-e1610125508259-300x217.png 300w, https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/3-duello-paride-menelao-iliade-e1610125508259.png 650w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 649px) 100vw, 649px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 649px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 649\/470;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The battle assumed violent tones but in Hector had been laid the Trojan&#8217;s hopes, he alone had been showing off his greatness.<\/p>\n<p>He would have ended the Greeks; in fighting with his troops Odyssey, Agamemnon and Diomedes had been hurt;\u00a0 Trojan as never as before were quite certain of the victory.<\/p>\n<p>As things had been falling apart, Agamemnon, convinced by the general opinion, sought for a reconciliation with Achilles;<\/p>\n<p>Odysseys, Ajax and Phoenix had been send to Achilles&#8217; tent trying to convince the hero to retake the armies&#8230;without success.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>The narration of the war by Achilles&#8217; standpoint<\/h3>\n<p><em>&#8211; I won&#8217;t leave my island to fight a war that&#8217;s not mine-\u00a0\u00a0<\/em>It had been the first thought of the hero as soon as known the cause of the conflict.<\/p>\n<p><em>-May I combat for a woman&#8217;s betrayal?-<\/em> He conscious of the true reason, a woman, as stone of scandal, as well as Odyssey never believed the war worthy to be fought.<\/p>\n<p><em>-Agamemnon, the supreme chief, send to me Ajax, Odysseys and Phoenix for his interests-\u00a0<\/em>Achilles recognized in Agamemnon&#8217;s move a mere fact of strategy;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211;<em>Nothing is more worthy to be despised than lies and than people whose words are different from their truly thoughts<\/em>&#8211;\u00a0 the sincere opinion about Agamemnon that characterizes Achilles&#8217; wounded pride.<\/p>\n<h4>The continuous of the war<\/h4>\n<p>Ajax the Great fought against Hector and, by a boulder, he almost killed the Trojan hero, who came revived by Apollo.<\/p>\n<p>Once returned, Hector&#8217;s power seemed to have no equal, Greeks were going to fall&#8230;<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Patroclus moved to compassion bothered Achilles to fight; Achilles accepted to yield his armature and sword to the dear friend and he also nominated him commander in chief of the Myrmidons armies.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Wearing Achilles&#8217; war armor Patroclus had around him astonishment and fear, he bravely killed dozens of enemies .<\/p>\n<p>He reached Troy&#8217;s gates trying to climb them, not obeying the Achilles&#8217; orders&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>Once there, Apollo intervened to remove Patroclus&#8217; wits, letting him being weakened and finally hit by the spear of Hector which lead him to the death.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5>The wrath of Achilles<\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-14500 alignleft lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/achille22-200x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"300\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/achille22-200x300.jpg 200w, https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/achille22.jpg 639w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 200px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 200\/300;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Nothing different might have been happening more concise and cruel to awaken Achilles&#8217; warrior spirit.<\/p>\n<p>The wrath is burning out of him as never before.<\/p>\n<p>His all mind and his all body call for vengeance.<\/p>\n<p>It is not a common mortal reaction, that&#8217;s the terrible cry for vengeance typical of the gods.<\/p>\n<p>Rage.<\/p>\n<p>Torment.<\/p>\n<p>Achilles reconciled with Agamemnon, after having watched over for a fully night Patroclus&#8217; body.<\/p>\n<p>He needed a new armor that Hephaestus, the god of fire, forged for him as the old one got taken and won by Trojans.<\/p>\n<p><em>As Achilles knew of Patroclus&#8217; death nothing can set him free except the death of the man who killed his friend: Hector.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>It means the reduction to odds of all his hope to come back home, one day&#8230;<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>The choice to fight would entail his own death, Achilles is aware of it.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Nothing but his redemption is what truly feeds his soul, he cried mortal tears from his eternal soul in name of the future glorious death.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Achilles come back to the battle ground, his fury is blinded, whoever encounters his path will encounter the death.<\/p>\n<p>Trojans retreaded progressively decimated by Peleus&#8217; son, initially Hector also could not stand Achilles&#8217; fury;<\/p>\n<p>Hector is seized by fear by looking at Achilles; he retired into the Troy&#8217;s gates managing at his best to master the fear.<\/p>\n<p>Achilles called out for his enemy as no one is anymore in front of him.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, just below the battlements, begged by his own dear family not to fight, Hector bravely accepted Achille&#8217;s confrontation.<\/p>\n<h5>Hector&#8217;s funerals and the death of Achilles<\/h5>\n<p>The duel, between the two best warrior from their mutual factions, is made up of great moves and memorable words.<\/p>\n<p>The Hector&#8217;s request that whoever be the defeated, his body should be given back is declined by Achilles.<\/p>\n<p>He hurls his spear at Hector who dodges it; as counterattack, Hector launches his owns which ended on the Greek&#8217;s buckler with no injury.<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, with no awareness of Hector, Athena managed to have brought back to Achille his spear.<\/p>\n<p>What remains to Hector is his sword but just after being pulled out Achilles&#8217; spear pierced his throat, the only exposed part of the armor that did not protect him.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-14498 aligncenter lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/achilles-defeating-hector-1630-32-oil--300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"581\" height=\"327\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/achilles-defeating-hector-1630-32-oil--300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/achilles-defeating-hector-1630-32-oil--1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/achilles-defeating-hector-1630-32-oil--768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/achilles-defeating-hector-1630-32-oil--1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/achilles-defeating-hector-1630-32-oil--2048x1152.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 581px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 581\/327;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The dead body is tied to Achilles&#8217; chariot to be driven throughout the camp, as sign of victory.<\/p>\n<p>After that Priam humbly reached the tent of Achilles to have back his dearest son&#8217;s body, the Phthia&#8217;s warrior moved to compassion;<\/p>\n<p>He would give back Hector&#8217;s body and released a 12-days-truce, after which the war will resume.<\/p>\n<p>The Iliad ended with this happening, as Achilles found his own rest in his vengeance.<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately not durable.<\/p>\n<p>Under siege Troy sees his enemies inside its walls, Achilles is among them.<\/p>\n<p>Stepped in to protect a maiden bothered by two Greek soldiers, Achilles frees the woman;<\/p>\n<p>Behind his back quite distant Paris is taking his aim&#8230; an arrow is shoot.<\/p>\n<p>On the trajectory Apollo would change its direction until makes it reaching Achilles&#8217; heel.<\/p>\n<p>His only vulnerable part.<\/p>\n<p>Signing the beginning of his legend.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Bibliography:<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Matteo Nucc<em>i, Achille e Odisseo: La ferocia e l&#8217;inganno, <\/em>Torino: Giulio Einaudi editore, 2020.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>If you missed part 1, click <a href=\"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/the-legend-of-achilles\/\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Trojan war According to the Iliad, Paris was called as right judge to choose which deity had the primate to be the most beautiful; his choice was Aphrodite who in return promised him the love of Helen, Menelaus&#8217; bride. When Paris was hosted in Menelaus&#8217; court, once met Helen, the two burst out in<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":217,"featured_media":14488,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,18,13,289],"tags":[2928,92,95,2953,85,2952,97,93],"yst_prominent_words":[],"class_list":["post-14287","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-art","category-culture","category-history","category-literature","tag-achilles","tag-gods","tag-hector","tag-odyssey","tag-trojan-war","tag-troy","tag-war","tag-zeus"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14287","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/217"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14287"}],"version-history":[{"count":34,"href":"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14287\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14504,"href":"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14287\/revisions\/14504"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14488"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14287"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14287"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14287"},{"taxonomy":"yst_prominent_words","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/mozartcultures.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/yst_prominent_words?post=14287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}